Which bacteria produce prodigiosin?
Serratia marcescens is a gram-negative, facultatively-anaerobic bacterium and opportunistic pathogen which produces the red pigment prodigiosin.
What is prodigiosin used for?
Bacterial prodigiosins and their synthetic derivatives are effective proapoptotic agents against various cancer cell lines, with multiple cellular targets including multi-drug resistant cells with little or no toxicity towards normal cell lines.
Is prodigiosin a protein?
A protein associated to prodigiosin formation was found in Serratia marcescens. The protein was also found singly or dominantly in pigment-protein complexes and pigment-localizing vesicles described in previous reports. These results suggest that the 100 kDa protein is associated with prodigiosin formation.
What temperature does Serratia marcescens grow best at?
25-37C
Perhaps it is noteworthy that the optimal growth range for Serratia marcescens is 25-37C, and it is above this temperature range that pigment production ceases. It is possible that the loss of pigment is associated with mild temperature stress.
What is the cellular substance that controls pigment formation?
Melanin is a pigment produced by the melanocytes, within the melanosomes, in a reaction catalyzed by tyrosinase during the conversion of tyrosine into dopa.
Where is prodigiosin found?
Prodigiosin is the red dyestuff produced by many strains of the bacterium Serratia marcescens, as well as other Gram-negative, gamma proteobacteria such as Vibrio psychroerythrus and Hahella chejuensis.
What is Violacein used for?
Violacein is known to have diverse biological activities, including as a cytotoxic anticancer agent and antibacterial action against Staphylococcus aureus and other gram-positive pathogens.
What is the function of prodigiosin in Serratia marcescens?
Prodigiosin is a red pigment produced as a secondary metabolite by Serratia marcescens, characterized with unique tripyrrole structure which is regarded as responsible for its reported pharmacological characteristics as anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and immunosuppressant [4] and it s unique application as a …
How is prodigiosin synthesized?
The general scheme of prodigiosin synthesis as a bifurcated pathway, in which monopyrrole and bipyrrole precursors are synthesized separately and then coupled to form pigment, was confirmed and extended.
Why is Serratia marcescens pink?
The pink colour is due to a pigment secreted by a species of bacteria known as Serratia marcescens, found naturally in soil, air and water. When they multiply, Serratia marcescens produces a reddish pigment called prodigiosin. A household cleaner that contains bleach or hydrogen peroxide usually solves the problem.
Why is there a color difference in Serratia marcescens?
Why is there a color difference in Serratia marcescens grown at the two different temperature? At 25 deg C, S. marcescens produces the pigment prodigiosin. At 37 deg C, it does not produce the pigment because the enzyme that produces the pigment is denatured.
What’s the difference between melanin and pigment?
As nouns the difference between melanin and pigment is that melanin is any of a group of naturally occurring dark pigments, especially the pigment found in skin, hair, fur, and feathers while pigment is (biology) any color in plant or animal cells.
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