What is the expected flow pattern in the hepatic vein?
The normal flow pattern of the hepatic vein was biphasic with a systolic flow greater than a diastolic flow.
What does hepatic color flow mean?
There is color aliasing within the hepatic artery, indicating elevated velocities/turbulent flow. A dilated, increased flow within the hepatic artery represents a compensatory mechanism secondary to the lack of hepatic perfusion either by a slow/stagnant flow or by the flow reversal within the main portal vein.
What is hepatic venous flow?
The liver processes the nutrients in this blood and filters out toxic substances. The hepatic veins then carry the blood away from the liver and into the inferior vena cava, which leads to the right atrium, one of the four chambers of the heart.
What causes the hepatic vein flow to have a triphasic waveform?
The waveforms were considered triphasic when there were two hepatofugal or antegrade phases (related to atrial and ventricular diastole) and a short phase of hepatopetal or retrograde flow (caused by the pressure increase in the right atrium at atrial systole) (Fig. 1).
What is normal hepatic artery flow?
Because the liver requires continuous blood flow, the hepatic artery is a low-resistance vessel, with an expected RI ranging from 0.55 to 0.7. In summary, the hepatic arterial waveform is normally pulsatile with low resistance.
Are hepatic veins Hepatofugal?
Doppler spectrum shows venous flow above the baseline and arterial flow below it; these findings indicate that portal vein flow is hepatopetal whereas hepatic artery flow is hepatofugal.
What does Hepatofugal flow mean?
Hepatofugal flow (ie, flow directed away from the liver) is abnormal in any segment of the portal venous system and is more common than previously believed. Hepatofugal flow can be demonstrated at angiography, Doppler ultrasonography (US), magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography (CT).
What is the difference between hepatic portal vein and hepatic vein?
The liver has a dual blood supply. The portal vein (which is rich in nutrients and relatively high in oxygen) provides two thirds of blood flow to the liver. The hepatic artery (which is oxygen-rich) supplies the rest. The hepatic veins drain the liver into the inferior vena cava.
Are hepatic veins triphasic?
The normal hepatic vein waveform, despite commonly being described as triphasic, has four components: a retrograde A wave, an antegrade S wave, a transitional V wave (which may be ante-grade, retrograde, or neutral), and an antegrade D wave (13).
What increases hepatic blood flow?
The increased hepatic arterial flow could be a result of an active HABR, although, in parallel, reports exist to demonstrate an increased hepatic artery flow without a reduction in portal venous flow during endotoxemia[81-83].
What is Hepatofugal flow in the main portal vein?
Hepatofugal or non-forward portal flow (NFPF) is an abnormal flow pattern in which the portal venous flow is from the periphery of the liver towards the porta hepatis and backwards along the portal vein. This phenomenon is not uncommon in patients with liver disease 3. It is the opposite of hepatopetal.
Which veins drain into the hepatic portal vein?
– Trifurcation of the main portal vein – The right posterior branch, which arises from the main portal vein – The right anterior branch which originates from the left portal vein
What is the function of the hepatic vein?
Common Hepatic Duct: A tube that carries bile out of the liver.
What vein does the basilic vein drain into?
The basilic vein runs down the ulnar side of the arm, and also helps in draining the dorsal venous network of the hand. The basilic vein drains into the brachial vein (part of the deep venous system), which then drains into the axillary vein once it crossed the inferior border of teres major.
What veins join to form the hepatic portal vein?
Anatomy. The portal vein is formed by the confluence of the splenic vein,which brings blood from the spleen,and the superior mesenteric vein,which brings blood from the intestines.