What is the apical side of a cell?
The membrane facing the lumen or free surface is known as the apical membrane, while the membrane oriented away from the lumen, contacting the extracellular matrix, is known as the basal membrane and the sides of the cell contacting the neighboring cells form the lateral membrane [1].
What is found in apical membrane?
The apical membrane of proximal tubular epithelial cells contains numerous microvilli that form the brush border. The brush border contains enzymes that carry out the specialized functions of the proximal tubule.
What is the apical side of the epithelium?
The apical side of the epithelial cells faces the external space or lumen and the basal side faces the rest of the organ. One role for epithelia is to control the mixing of material between the two compartments.
Which transport proteins are found in the apical membrane of this cell?
GLUT-1 glucose transporter is present within apical and basolateral membranes of brain epithelial interfaces and in microvascular endothelia with and without tight junctions.
Where is the apical side?
The correct answer here is C. The side facing the outside of the body is the basolateral side. By definition, the apical side of a layer of cells is the side of the cells that faces inward to the center of the cavity that the epithelium lines.
What is the luminal membrane?
In the context of renal tubule physiology, the term basolateral membrane or serosal membrane refers to the cell membrane which is oriented away from the lumen of the tubule, whereas the term luminal membrane or apical membrane refers to the cell membrane which is oriented towards the lumen.
What is lateral membrane?
The lateral membrane contains proteins for cell-cell adhesion, intercellular signaling, and cell-cell communication and is the only region of the plasma membrane where an epithelial cell interacts with other epithelial cells.
How does glucose cross the apical membrane?
Glucose is transported across the apical plasma membrane of intestinal epithelial cells by the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT, purple protein in the figure at right). Facilitated diffusion of glucose into the ECF is a passive process, since glucose flows down its concentration gradient.
What are the two side of an epithelium called?
Epithelial cells have two different “sides”—apical and basolateral. The apical side always faces out of the body (outside or into a lumen). There is a small amount, or an absence of, extracellular matrix.
What is apical transportation?
What are apical transportations? An apical transportation of the root canal represents iatrogenically moving the physiologic terminus to a new location on the external root surface. In many instances, these canals become wet with exudates and difficult to dry.
Where are carrier proteins located?
Similar to other membrane transport proteins, carrier proteins are located in lipid bilayers cell structures, such as cell membranes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
What is basolateral and apical?
Basolateral membranes In the context of renal tubule physiology, the term basolateral membrane or serosal membrane refers to the cell membrane which is oriented away from the lumen of the tubule, whereas the term luminal membrane or apical membrane refers to the cell membrane which is oriented towards the lumen.