What is rearfoot varus?
This is a positional deformity where the entire foot is inverted relative to the ground when the subtalar joint is in its neutral position, as shown below. This is by far the most common foot disorder we will see. Exists in about 85% of the patient population that has pronation problems.
How do you treat rearfoot varus?
Orthotics are a long- term solution to prevent reoccurrence by controlling and / or correcting the mechanics that cause the problem. Orthotics for forefoot varus should include: Heel cup and medial longitudinal arch support to align forefoot to hindfoot. Posting or wedging under the 1st metatarsal head.
What is forefoot varus and valgus?
Forefoot valgus is when the forefoot is everted while the calcaneus and subtalor joint are in neutral. The medial metatarsals lie below the calcaneus (plantar flexed in relation to the calcaneus). This may lead to a calcaneal varus compensation.
How common is forefoot varus?
Forefoot varus is a malalignment of the medial column, which produces excessive forefoot inversion in relation to the hindfoot in a non-weightbearing limb. Estimates suggest that 8.8 to 15 percent of the general population has forefoot varus.
What is uncompensated rearfoot varus?
In uncompensated rearfoot varus (A), the calcaneus (and forefoot) are inverted when the subtalar joint is neutral. The person compensates (B) by pronating STJ to allow medial heel to touch the ground.
What bones form the rearfoot?
The hindfoot, sometimes also referred to as the rearfoot, is the posterior region of the human foot as differentiated from the midfoot and the forefoot. The hindfoot area includes the talus and calcaneus bones; the subtalar and talocrural (ankle) joints; and the muscles, tendons, and ligaments in the heel area.
What is forefoot valgus?
A constant structural eversion of the forefoot. This is a structural or positional deformity that is most common in the forefoot. This is an everted position of the forefoot relative to the rearfoot at the level of the midtarsal joint.
What is the forefoot of the foot?
The forefoot consists of your toe bones, called phalanges, and metatarsal bones, the long bones in your feet. Phalanges connect to metatarsals at the ball of the foot by joints called phalange metatarsal joints.
What is uncompensated forefoot varus?
In uncompensated forefoot varus (A), the plane of metatarsal heads is inverted in relation to the rearfoot’s plane when the subtalar joint is neutral. The person compensates (B) by pronating the STJ durng midstance and terminal stance to allow the first metatarsal to contact the ground.
Where is the forefoot and midfoot?
The midfoot and forefoot are the regions of the foot distal to the talus and calcaneus and are critical to weight bearing and movement. They help support the arch of the foot, provide shock absorption, and convert vertically oriented forces into horizontal forward and propulsive movement.