What is myocardial Noncompaction?
Introduction. Noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium is a cardiomyopathy thought to be caused by arrest of normal embryogenesis of the endocardium and myocardium. This abnormality is often associated with other congenital cardiac defects, but it is also seen in the absence of other cardiac anomalies.
What is Trabeculation of the heart?
Trabeculations are myocardial projections into the lumen of the LV cavity. Deep recesses between trabeculations predispose patients to mural thrombi from stasis of blood in the recesses.
How is left ventricular noncompaction diagnosed?
The diagnosis of LVNC is based on cardiac testing, family history, medical history, and physical exam. Cardiac testing: An echocardiogram is the most common test used to diagnose LVNC, as the trabeculations within the left ventricle and overall squeeze of the heart can be measured with this test.
What is left ventricular myocardium?
The LV wall consists of three distinct layers: an inner endocardium, a middle myocardium, and an outer epicardium. The myocardium consists primarily of contractile cardiac myocytes, fibroblasts, and an abundant extracellular matrix.
Can LVNC be reversed?
The compacted myocardium in LVNC is approximately 30% thinner than normal. Accordingly, although transient or irreversible dilative evolution can develop during the life of a patient with LVNC, in all probability this congenital anomaly will never disappear.
What causes left ventricular cardiomyopathy?
The most common cause is coronary artery disease or heart attack. However, it can also be caused by genetic defects. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This type involves abnormal thickening of your heart muscle, which makes it harder for the heart to work.
What is abnormal Trabeculation of left ventricular myocardium?
Left ventricular hypertrabeculation/non‐compaction (LVHT) is a cardiac abnormality, characterised by >3 trabeculations apically to the papillary muscles and intertrabecular spaces. LVHT may occur with other cardiac abnormalities, heart failure, electrocardiographic abnormalities and neuromuscular disorders.
What does Trabeculation mean in medicine?
That thickening of the bladder walls is called trabeculation. When your bladder walls get too thick, they lose the ability to expand and contract, making it hard for your body to expel urine. Bladder trabeculation can be caused by other health conditions, such as blood clots.
What causes left ventricular noncompaction?
Mutations in several genes have been found to cause left ventricular noncompaction. Mutations in the MYH7 and MYBPC3 genes have been estimated to cause up to 30 percent of cases; mutations in other genes are each responsible for a small percentage of cases. However, the cause of the condition is often unknown.
Can LVNC be cured?
Although LVNC cannot be cured, treatment can control any symptoms caused by a reduction in how well the heart is working as a pump, or by problems with the electrical signalling in the heart.
What does Noncompaction mean?
Collapse Section. Left ventricular noncompaction is a heart (cardiac) muscle disorder that occurs when the lower left chamber of the heart (left ventricle), which helps the heart pump blood, does not develop correctly.
What causes an enlarged heart NHS?
The most common causes are: • heart failure caused by a heart attack • heart muscle disease (cardiomyopathy) • coronary heart disease • high blood pressure (hypertension) • congenital heart disease • heart valve disease • thyroid disease • obesity.