What is MnSOD?
Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), an enzyme located in mitochondria, is the key enzyme that protects the energy-generating mitochondria from oxidative damage. Levels of MnSOD are reduced in many diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and psoriasis.
What is SOD2 gene?
SOD2 (Superoxide Dismutase 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with SOD2 include Microvascular Complications Of Diabetes 6 and Gastric Cancer. Among its related pathways are DNA Damage Response (only ATM dependent) and Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species.
Where is SOD2 produced?
mitochondrial matrix
SOD2 is located within the mitochondrial matrix, the main site of free radical production from the electron transport chain (22).
Where is MnSOD located?
Human MnSOD gene is located on the 6th chromosome, 6q25. 3 region (174) encoding a ∼223 amino acid/26 kD precursor monomer containing a mitochondria targeting sequence of 26 amino acids (183) that is required for mitochondrial localization.
Does superoxide dismutase contain manganese?
Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) MnSOD is considered to be one of the most important antioxidant components of a cell. It is a homotetrameric enzyme (mol. wt 88 kDa) and requires manganese at its active center.
How does manganese superoxide dismutase work?
The cell is equipped with myriad antioxidant enzyme systems to combat deleterious ROS production in mitochondria, with the mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) acting as the chief ROS scavenging enzyme in the cell.
How does SOD2 work?
Mechanism. SOD2 uses cyclic proton-coupled electron transfer reactions to convert superoxide (O2•-) into either oxygen (O2) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), depending on the oxidation state of the manganese metal and the protonation status of the active site.
What is the role of superoxide dismutase?
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are universal enzymes of organisms that live in the presence of oxygen. They catalyze the conversion of superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.
What does OPA1 stand for?
OPA1 (OPA1 Mitochondrial Dynamin Like GTPase) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with OPA1 include Optic Atrophy 1 and Optic Atrophy With Or Without Deafness, Ophthalmoplegia, Myopathy, Ataxia, And Neuropathy.
What are the symptoms of manganese deficiency?
A person that does have a deficiency in manganese could experience the following symptoms:
- poor bone growth or skeletal defects.
- slow or impaired growth.
- low fertility.
- impaired glucose tolerance, a state between normal glucose maintenance and diabetes.
- abnormal metabolism of carbohydrate and fat.
What increases sod?
Wheat sprouts represent one rich source of these SOD-boosting building blocks, and have been shown to significantly increase internal antioxidant levels. Scientists have proposed that elevated levels of one form of glutathione, the enzyme glutathione reductase, may serve as a predictor of longevity.