What is Glyoxalase activity?
Glyoxalase I activity is given in units per mg of protein or cell number where one unit is the amount of enzyme that catalyses the formation of 1 μmol of S-D-lactoylglutathione per min under assay conditions. Glyoxalase II catalyses the hydrolysis of S-D-lactoylglutathione to D-lactate and glutathione.
What glyoxalase 1?
Glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) is a ubiquitous cellular enzyme that participates in the detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG), a cytotoxic byproduct of glycolysis that induces protein modification (advanced glycation end-products, AGEs), oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
Is Glyoxalase a protein?
Glyoxalase I is a ubiquitous enzyme which binds one mole of zinc per subunit. In bacteria and mammals the enzyme is a protein of about 130 to 180 residues while in fungi it is about twice as long. In these organisms the enzyme is built out of the tandem repeat of a homologous domain.
What is methylglyoxal?
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a highly reactive α-dicarbonyl compound that is primarily generated endogenously during glycolytic pathways (glucose and fructose metabolism) in cells and exogenously due to autoxidation of sugar, degradation of lipids, and fermentation during food and drink processing.
Is methylglyoxal toxic?
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a toxic α-dicarbonyl compound derived from glucose, amino acids and acetone degradation pathways and detoxified by ubiquitous glyoxalase system (Kalapos, 1999. Methylglyoxal in living organisms: chemistry, biochemistry, toxicology and biological implications.
Is methylglyoxal in all honey?
As it turns out, not all honey produced from the Tea Tree blossoms contains high concentrations of Methylglyoxal. Methylglyoxal content can range from 0 mg/kg to 1000mg/kg. Anything higher than 100 mg/kg is considered antibacterial, although the higher the concentration, the more antibacterial activity.
Is methylglyoxal carcinogenic?
Methylglyoxal is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).
Is methylglyoxal healthy?
Methylglyoxal is its active ingredient and likely responsible for these antibacterial effects. Additionally, Manuka honey has antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits. In fact, it has traditionally been used for wound healing, soothing sore throats, preventing tooth decay and improving digestive issues.