What is Generalised transduction?
Generalized transduction is the process by which any bacterial gene may be transferred to another bacterium via a bacteriophage, and typically carries only bacterial DNA and no viral DNA. In essence, this is the packaging of bacterial DNA into a viral envelope.
What is a Specialised transduction?
Specialized transduction is the process by which a restricted set of bacterial genes is transferred to another bacterium. Specialized transduction occurs when a prophage excises imprecisely from the chromosome so that bacterial genes lying adjacent to it are included in the excised DNA.
What is the difference between generalized and specialized?
In Generalization process, what actually happens is that it takes the union of two or more lower-level entity sets to produce a higher-level entity sets. Specialization is reverse of Generalization. Specialization is a process of taking a subset of a higher level entity set to form a lower-level entity set.
What is the major difference between generalized transduction and transformation?
Key points: In transformation, a bacterium takes up a piece of DNA floating in its environment. In transduction, DNA is accidentally moved from one bacterium to another by a virus.
What is transduction and its types?
Transduction is of two types: Generalized Transduction – In this, the phage can carry any part of DNA. Specialized Transduction – In this, the phage carries only the specific part of DNA.
What is the end result of generalized and specialized transduction?
Specialized Transduction The DNA integrates into the chromosome of the host cell, forming a prophage. Since this DNA is used as the template for the synthesis stage, all copies will be a hybrid of viral and bacterial DNA, and all resulting virions will contain both viral and bacterial DNA.
What kind of phages bring about specialized transduction?
Specialized transduction is carried only by temperate bacteriophage which undergoes lysogenic cycle in donor cell.
What is the major difference between generalized and specialized transduction and transformation?
In transformation, a bacterium takes up a piece of DNA floating in its environment. In transduction, DNA is accidentally moved from one bacterium to another by a virus.
What is the difference between transduction and transfection?
Transfection is the process of introducing nucleic acids into cells by non-viral methods. Transduction is the process whereby foreign DNA is introduced into another cell via a viral vector. These are common tools to introduce a foreign gene into host cells.
What is the end result of generalized transduction?
In generalized transduction, a bacterial host cell is infected with either a virulent or a temperate bacteriophage engaging in the lytic cycle of replication. During this stage, random pieces of bacterial DNA are mistakenly packaged into a phage head, resulting in the production of a transducing particle.