What is centromeric probe?
Centromere probes target the centromeric region of the particular chromosome. These probes allow us to enumerate the number of centromeres and thus chromosomes of a particular kind. Centromere probes bind to repetitive alpha satellite DNA sequences. Centromere probes are often used as a reference probe for many genes.
What is the principle of PNA FISH?
Fluorescence in situ hybridization using peptide nucleic acid probes (PNA FISH) is a novel diagnostic technique combining the simplicity of traditional staining procedures with the unique performance of PNA probes to provide rapid and accurate diagnosis of infectious diseases; a feature that makes PNA FISH well suited …
What is telomeric FISH probe?
Probes for determining telomere length. The ends of vertebrate chromosomes consist of repeats of TTAGGG known as telomeres. These telomeres provide a protective end-cap to the DNA and help preserve the integrity of underlying genes.
What is a dual fusion probe?
Dual fusion probes are used to detect specific translocations associated with cancer. The two genes involved in the translocation are labeled in different colors (ex: the ABL gene on chromosome 9 is red and the BCR gene on chromosome 22 is green), a nearby gene on each chromosome is also labeled in the same color.
How do FISH detect Microdeletion?
A method that is commonly used for microdeletion detection is fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), which is a molecular cytogenetic technique based on fluorescently labeled DNA probes specific for a chromosomal region of interest.
Can FISH detect large deletions?
Thus, while chromosome painting allows investigators to quickly identify chromosomes involved in translocations and to identify large deletions and/or duplications, small deletions and duplications will not be detectable.
What is the difference between DNA and PNA?
8.1. 8 shows the structural difference of PNA with DNA. In PNA, the bases such as purine (A, G) and pyrimidine (C, T) are attached to the backbone via methylene carbonyl linkages. Unlike DNA or RNA, the PNA does not contain any phosphate groups and sugar moieties.
What are Breakapart probes?
Break-apart probes target two areas of a specific gene sequence. When a break in the gene sequence occurs, the green and red signal will NOT be close together anymore and will thus appear as separate green and red signals. The lower image is an example of the clinical use of a break-apart probe.
What are FISH probes?
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a laboratory technique for detecting and locating a specific DNA sequence on a chromosome. The technique relies on exposing chromosomes to a small DNA sequence called a probe that has a fluorescent molecule attached to it.