What is affective filter hypothesis Krashen?
1. The hypothesis credited to Stephen Krashen, an expert in linguistics, that declares that a student’s anxiety, low self esteem, or lack of motivation can serve to cause a mental block preventing the successful acquisition of a second language.
What is the affective filters phenomenon in the process of second language learning?
The affective filter is a metaphor that describes a learner’s attitudes that affect the relative success of second language acquisition. Negative feelings such as lack of motivation, lack of self-confidence and learning anxiety act as filters that hinder and obstruct language learning.
Why is the affective filter hypothesis important?
The affective filter hypothesis basically explains that language cannot be learned if a learner is blocking the learning process. In other words, a learner can be mentally prepared to learn, or they might be hindering this process in some way.
How does affective filter actually work?
The affective filter has commonly been described as an imaginary wall that rises in the mind and prevents input, thus blocking cognition. In opposition, when the affective filter is lowered, the feeling of safety is high, and language acquisition occurs.
How teachers should deal with affective filter?
THE RIGHT WAY TO DEAL WITH THE AFFECTIVE FILTER Teach with tone, not words. Make the assumption that many of the words won’t be understood by the learner anyway. Positive body language, tone of voice, and a nurturing atmosphere. Make it clear you want your pupils to win!
How many variables does Krashen’s affective filter hypothesis have?
Krashen (1986) cites motivation, self-confidence, and anxiety in the Affective Filter Hypothesis as three categories of variables that play a role in second language acquisition.
How do you apply Krashen’s hypothesis in the classroom?
Use Krashen’s ideas about comprehensible input. Between classes, ask your students to watch something, listen to something or read something that they can relate to and comprehend. Krashen’s ideas when combined with others that provide form and structure will enable learning.
How do you use affective filters in the classroom?
Why is the affective filter hypothesis so crucial in the language classroom for ESL EFL teachers?
It is not enough to deliver instruction even if it’s made comprehensible to students. If students’ affective filters are elevated, language acquisition will be impeded. Creating classroom environments that act intentionally to lower the affective filter will increase language development.
How can teachers lower the affective filter?
Create Multiple Opportunities: In addition, teachers can lower the affective filter by creating multiple opportunities in every lesson for students to engage in activities in which they use language they have already mastered.
How can we lower our learners affective filter?
Another way to lower the affective filter is by making sure that we provide comprehensible input. Students become more focused and relaxed the more they can understand the language being used during instruction….Anxiety
- Error correction.
- Forcing output too early.
- Isolation.
- Embarrassment.
- Lack of comprehensible input.