What is a complication of extravasation?
The most serious complications occur with extravasation of highly irritating solutions. Extravasation of a vesicant can cause tissue necrosis and damage. Common symptoms and signs of extravasation include pain, stinging or burning sensations, and edema around the intravenous (IV) injection site.
What skin complications are associated with extravasation?
Proper monitoring and immediate intervention will go a long way in minimizing the morbidity associated with these injuries. However, if there is a delay in recognition and treatment, it can lead to complications like skin necrosis, gangrene, extensive soft tissue defects and contractures.
What do you do for an IV extravasation?
If extravasation occurs, the injection should be stopped immediately and the IV tubing disconnected. Avoid applying pressure to the site, and do not flush the line. Leave the original catheter in place, and attempt to aspirate as much of the infiltrated drug as possible.
What is phlebitis in IV therapy?
Phlebitis. Phlebitis is inflammation of a vein. It is usually associated with acidic or alkaline solutions or solutions that have a high osmolarity. Phlebitis can also occur as a result of vein trauma during insertion, use of an inappropriate I.V. catheter size for the vein, or prolonged use of the same I.V.
How long after extravasation can you give hyaluronidase?
Hyaluronidase was shown to be successful in the treatment of 2 cases of TPN extravasations with improvement in 6–12 hours.
What are recommended nursing interventions when phlebitis is noted?
Monitor the patient’s vital signs and the I.V. site, and apply a warm, moist compress to the affected area as ordered. Continuous application of moist heat over 72 hours, along with administration of oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, is the best treatment.
What is extravasation infiltration and phlebitis?
What is Extravasation, Infiltration, and Phlebitis? Extravasation, Infiltration, and Phlebitis are most common local complications of the peripheral intravenous (IV) therapy. There are similarities and significant differences between each of those conditions.
What are the possible complications of peripheral IV therapy?
Complications of Peripheral I.V. Therapy 1 Infiltration. Infiltration occurs when I.V… 2 Extravasation. Extravasation is the leaking of vesicant drugs into surrounding tissue. 3 Phlebitis. Phlebitis is inflammation of a vein. 4 Hypersensitivity. An immediate, severe hypersensitivity reaction can be…
Why do infusions fail when phlebitis occurs?
It is suggested that failure of infusions because of phlebitis or extravasation usually results from irritation of the endothelium by the infusate, inducing venoconstriction. If such venoconstriction prevents flow, then pressure which builds up in the vein will enlarge the hole in its wall made by t …
What causes phlebitis in a vein?
Phlebitis is inflammation of a vein. It is usually associated with acidic or alkaline solutions or solutions that have a high osmolarity. Phlebitis can also occur as a result of vein trauma during insertion, use of an inappropriate I.V. catheter size for the vein, or prolonged use of the same I.V. site.