What causes poor episodic memory?
Impairments in episodic memory function are observed in individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Huntington’s Disease (HD), and Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and also in a number of psychiatric diseases including Schizophrenia, Major Depression (MD).
What does multiple trace theory suggest?
Multiple trace theory is a memory consolidation model advanced as an alternative model to strength theory. It posits that each time some information is presented to a person, it is neurally encoded in a unique memory trace composed of a combination of its attributes.
What impairs episodic memory?
Stress can impair episodic memory, meaning memory for specific events. In the brain, the hippocampus and frontoparietal network (a network consisting of the frontal and parietal lobes of the brain) are responsible for this type of memory.
What part of the brain controls episodic memory?
The hippocampus
The hippocampus, located in the brain’s temporal lobe, is where episodic memories are formed and indexed for later access. Episodic memories are autobiographical memories from specific events in our lives, like the coffee we had with a friend last week.
How is episodic memory tested?
A common way to assess episodic memory abilities is by using neuropsychological tests, including pen-and-paper, verbal and computer-based tasks. These measures give a clinician an objective method for evaluating how well a patient’s episodic memory is functioning compared to their peers.
What is the multiple trace theory of consolidation how is it different from the standard model?
Multiple trace theory (MTT) builds on the distinction between semantic memory and episodic memory and addresses perceived shortcomings of the standard model with respect to the dependency of the hippocampus. MTT argues that the hippocampus is always involved in the retrieval and storage of episodic memories.
What is trace linguistics?
Trace (linguistics) In transformational grammar , a trace is an empty (phonologically null) category that occupies a position in the syntactic structure. In some theories of syntax, traces are used in the account of constructions such as wh-movement and passive.
Where is episodic memory formed?
hippocampus
The formation of new episodic memories requires the medial temporal lobe, a structure that includes the hippocampus. Without the medial temporal lobe, one is able to form new procedural memories (such as playing the piano) but cannot remember the events during which they happened (See the hippocampus and memory).
How do you test for episodic memory?
Neuropsychologists evaluate both verbal and visual episodic memory. Asking an examinee to remember a list of words or recall a story are common methods for assessing verbal episodic memory. Asking an examinee to copy a figure, and then recall it at a later time, is a common test of visual episodic memory.
What might happen to your memory system if you sustained damage to your hippocampus?
If the hippocampus is damaged by disease or injury, it can influence a person’s memories as well as their ability to form new memories. Hippocampus damage can particularly affect spatial memory, or the ability to remember directions, locations, and orientations.