What are theories of drug receptor interaction?
The main points to describe receptor theory are: Drugs interact with receptors in a reversible manner to produce a change in the state of the receptor. This interaction can be modeled mathematically and follows the Law of Mass Action.
What are the types of drug receptor interactions?
Receptors can be subdivided into four main classes: ligand-gated ion channels, tyrosine kinase-coupled, intracellular steroid and G-protein-coupled (GPCR). Basic characteristics of these receptors along with some drugs that interact with each type are shown in Table 2.
What are the theories of drug actions?
A theory of drug action is developed on the assumption that excitation by a stimulant drug is proportional to the rate of drug-receptor combination, rather than to the proportion of receptors occupied by the drug.
What is macromolecular perturbation theory?
MACROMOLECULAR PERTURBATION THEORY Suggests that when a drug-receptor interaction occurs, one of two general types of Macromolecular perturbation is possible: a specific conformational perturbation leads to a biological response (Agonist), whereas a non specific conformational perturbation leads to no biological …
What is receptor occupation theory?
Occupation Theory: the idea that a response emanates from a receptor only when it is occupied by an appropriate ligand (drug). Rate Theory: the idea that a response emanates from a receptor in proportion to the kinetic rate of onset and offset of drug binding to the receptor.
What is Ariens and Stephenson theory?
This led to the development of agonist models of drug action by Ariens in 1954 and by Stephenson in 1956 to account for the intrinsic activity (efficacy) of a drug (that is, its ability to induce an effect after binding).
What is rate theory?
Rate theory is a concept in chemistry that describes the process of peak dispersion, and it provides an equation to calculate the variance per unit length of the column. This theory is very useful in column chromatography. Rate theory provides a more realistic description of the processes that work inside a column.
What are the three 3 major types of drug receptor bonds?
The three major types of bonds are covalent, electrostatic, and hydrophobic.
What are the types of receptors?
There are two types of receptors: internal receptors and cell-surface receptors.
What is a drug receptor?
7.2 Drug receptors. Receptor is a macromolecule in the membrane or inside the cell that specifically (chemically) bind a ligand (drug). The binding of a drug to receptor depends on types of chemical bounds that can be established between drug and receptor.
What is pharmacokinetics PDF?
Pharmacokinetics is currently defined as the study of the time course of drug absorption, distribution, metabo- lism, and excretion. Clinical pharmacokinetics is the application of pharmacokinetic principles to the safe and effective therapeutic management of drugs in an individual patient.
What is rate theory in medicinal chemistry?
The rate theory explains that the pharmacological activity is a function of the rate of association and dissociation of a drug with the receptor and is not the function of the number of occupied receptors.
What are the types of chemical interactions in drug-receptor complexes?
Major interactions observed in the drug-receptor complexes are mostly of reversible type which consist of electrostatic interactions, ion-dipole and dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding, charge-transfer interactions, hydrophobic, and Van der Waals interactions.
What are drug receptors?
This is usually through specific drug receptor sites known to be located on the membrane. These are defined as proteins on or within the cell that bind with specificity to particular drugs, chemical messenger substances or hormones and mediate their effects on the body.
How do pharmacophores interact with each other?
Functional groups/pharmacophores of the drug interact with functional groups present in the receptor’s binding site, complementarily thereby producing effective binding interactions. Key interactions that occur between the drug and the receptor will decide the potency and intrinsic activity of the drug.
What determines the potency and intrinsic activity of drugs?
Key interactions that occur between the drug and the receptor will decide the potency and intrinsic activity of the drug.