What are the most common congenital heart defects?
The most common congenital heart defect is a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV). The aortic valve opens and shuts to allow blood flow from the heart to the aorta. The aorta is the major blood vessel bringing oxygen-rich blood to the body. This defect occurs when there are only two leaflets instead of three within the valve.
What are the different types of congenital heart defects?
Types of congenital heart defects include:
- aortic stenosis.
- atrial septal defect (ASD)
- atrioventricular canal defect.
- coarctation of the aorta (COA)
- Ebstein anomaly.
- hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
- patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
- patent foramen ovale (PFO)
What congenital heart abnormalities are the result of?
Some congenital heart defects are the result of alcohol or drug use during pregnancy. Most heart defects either cause an abnormal blood flow through the heart, or obstruct blood flow in the heart or vessels (obstructions are called stenoses and can occur in heart valves, arteries, or veins).
Is TGA a congenital heart defect?
Dextro-Transposition of the Great Arteries or d-TGA is a birth defect of the heart in which the two main arteries carrying blood out of the heart – the main pulmonary artery and the aorta – are switched in position, or “transposed.” Because a baby with this defect may need surgery or other procedures soon after birth.
What is the difference between D-TGA and L-TGA?
L-transposition of the great arteries (L-TGA) is also known as congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries. This condition is different from D-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA). In L-TGA, the right and left lower pumping chambers of the heart (ventricles) are switched.
Why is the heart susceptible to congenital malformation?
In around eight out of 10 cases, the reason for the congenital heart defect is unknown. Some of the known causes of CHD include: Genes – 20 per cent of cases have a genetic cause. Other birth defects – a baby affected by certain birth defects, such as Down syndrome, is more likely to have malformations of the heart.
What is the cause of transposition of the great vessels?
Transposition of the great arteries occurs during pregnancy when the baby’s heart is developing. The cause is most often unknown. To understand transposition of the great arteries, it may be helpful to know how the heart typically pumps blood.
How is TGA diagnosed?
The cardiac ultrasound can usually detect transposition of the great arteries (TGA). If your newborn baby was born with a bluish tint to his skin, or if your child is experiencing certain symptoms, your pediatrician will immediately refer you to a pediatric cardiologist, who will perform a physical exam.