Is AFP elevated in teratoma?
Elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and beta human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) levels may be indicative of malignancy, as these values are within reference ranges in most patients with benign teratomas.
How do you diagnose teratoma?
How is a teratoma diagnosed?
- Imaging tests, such as X-rays, CT (computed tomography) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound to determine the size and location of the teratoma.
- Blood tests to check hormone levels and tumor markers.
- Biopsy to find out if the teratoma is cancerous or noncancerous.
What is a mature teratoma?
Listen to pronunciation. (muh-CHOOR TAYR-uh-TOH-muh) A type of germ cell tumor that is usually made up of several different types of tissue, such as hair, muscle, and bone. Mature teratomas have cells that look almost like normal cells under a microscope.
How is cystic teratoma diagnosed?
Most mature cystic teratomas can be diagnosed at ultrasonography (US) but may have a variety of appearances, characterized by echogenic sebaceous material and calcification. At computed tomography (CT), fat attenuation within a cyst is diagnostic.
Should teratoma be removed?
Most teratomas are benign but malignant trans- formation does occur in 1-3% of cases. Teratomas can cause adnexal torsion or they may rupture and provoke acute peritonitis (Jones, 1988). Teratomas should therefore be removed when diagnosed.
Is mature teratoma benign?
In its pure form, mature cystic teratoma of the ovary is always benign, but in approximately 0.2-2% of cases, it may undergo malignant transformation into one of its elements, the majority of which are squamous cell carcinomas.
What causes a mature teratoma?
What Causes Teratoma? Teratomas happen when complications arise during your cells’ differentiation process. In particular, they develop in your body’s germ cells, which are undifferentiated. This means they can turn into any type of cell – from egg and sperm to hair cells.
How can you tell the difference between mature and immature teratomas?
Mature teratomas are benign tumors, which are most often composed of derivatives of two or three germ cell layers. Only in rare cases is the transition into a malignant tumor observed (most often squamous cell carcinoma). In contrast, immature teratomas are malignant ovarian tumors.
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