How do you do footnotes correctly?
When a footnote must be placed at the end of a clause,1 add the number after the comma. When a footnote must be placed at the end of a sentence, add the number after the period. Numbers denoting footnotes should always appear after punctuation, with the exception of one piece of punctuation3—the dash.
How do you reference et al?
For sources with one, two, or three authors, list all author names in your in-text citations (whether footnotes or author-date). For sources with four or more authors, use the first name followed by “et al.” In your Chicago style reference list or bibliography, list up to 10 authors.
Do you need to cite the same source multiple times Harvard?
If you need to refer to two or more sources by the same author in different years, there is no need to keep repeating the author’s surname in the citation.
How do you cite a book within a book APA?
The APA in-text citation for a book includes the author’s last name, the year, and (if relevant) a page number….Basic book citation format.
| Format | Last name, Initials. (Year). Book title (Editor/translator initials, Last name, Ed. or Trans.) (Edition). Publisher. |
|---|---|
| In-text citation | (Anderson, 1983, p. 23) |
Do I cite after every sentence?
“The citation should appear only after the final sentence of the paraphrase. If, however, it will be unclear to your reader where your source’s idea begins, include the author of the source in your prose rather than in a parenthetical citation.
How do you do footnote referencing?
How to insert footnotes
- Place the cursor where you would like the superscript number to appear.
- Click on “Insert Footnote” in the “References” tab.
- The corresponding number will be automatically inserted in the footer ready for you to add the footnote citation.
- Type in your footnote citation.
How do you cite someone who cites someone else?
When making reference to the spoken words of someone other than the author recorded in a text, cite the name of the person and the name of the author, date and page reference of the work in which the quote or reference appears.
How do you cite the same source multiple times in endnotes?
When citing the same source in multiple footnotes one after the other, cite the source in full the first time, and then use the abbreviated form for all subsequent citations until another source is cited (p. 759-760).
How do you cite someone citing someone else in APA?
What is an indirect citation or secondary source?
- Include both the original author and year and the author and year of the work where quote/idea was found in the in-text reference.
- Add “as cited in” before the author in the in-text reference.
How do you do footnotes in APA?
With APA 7 style, you should use footnotes only when you absolutely must….Numbering Footnotes
- Format like this,1 following any punctuation except a dash.
- The footnote number precedes a dash2–– like so.
- Place the footnote number (if it applies only to material within the parentheses3) like this.
How do you in text cite Ibid in APA?
No. APA never uses ibid. Instead, give each citation using author names as usual. To learn about how APA uses Latin abbreviations in the APA official blog.
How do you in-text cite 3 authors in APA?
NOTE: The in-text citation for works with three or more authors is shortened to the first author’s name followed by et al. and the year.
How do you in-text cite the same author twice in APA?
To cite two works by the same author and the same year, differentiate the two works with small lowercase letters.
- For example, use in-text citations like (Smith, 2019a, p. 78) and (Smith, 2019b, p. 24).
- On the References page, sort the two entries in alphabetical order by the title, since the names will be identical.