How can we reduce IMT?
The study suggested that ACE inhibitors are more effective at reducing IMT than are ARBs. In another study, 75 previously untreated patients with moderate-to-severe hypertension were randomized and treated with either ramipril or telmisartan to lower blood pressure.
Can intimal thickening be reversed?
Yes, advanced arterial wall thickening or increased CIMT has been shown to be reversible if treated aggressively and appropriately. The FDA and NIH also accept CIMT (but not coronary calcium scanning) to follow patients for atherosclerotic disease progression.
What causes carotid intima-media thickness?
In this review, we determined that CIMT is associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as age, sex, race, smoking, alcohol consumption, habitual endurance exercise, blood pressure, dyslipidemia, dietary patterns, risk-lowering drug therapy, glycemia, hyperuricemia, obesity-related anthropometric …
Is intimal thickening normal?
Intima-media thickness (IMT) is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis (asymptomatic organ damage) and should be evaluated in every asymptomatic adult or hypertensive patient at moderate risk for cardiovascular disease.
What is a normal intima-media thickness?
The normal intima-medial thickness of common carotid artery as evaluated by B-mode ultrasound imaging was 0.74 ± 0.14 mm.
What is mild intimal hyperplasia?
Intimal hyperplasia refers to a process in which the intima becomes thickened due to the presence of vascular smooth muscle cells and proteoglycan-rich extracellular matrix located between the endothelium and the internal elastic lamina (Figure 11.3).
How can intimal hyperplasia be prevented?
For this reason, coronary artery angioplasty is often now followed by placement of drug-eluting stents that secrete antiproliferative agents, such as rapamycin and paclitaxel, to prevent restenosis from intimal hyperplasia.
How is intimal hyperplasia treated?
Intimal hyperplasia can be repaired with patch angioplasty of the lesion, a jump bypass around the lesion, or angioplasty with a cutting balloon or atherectomy.
What causes intimal hyperplasia?
The underlying causes of intimal hyperplasia are migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells provoked by injury, inflammation, and stretch.
What is the normal range of intima media thickness?
Intima-media thickness (IMT) is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis (asymptomatic organ damage) and should be evaluated in every asymptomatic adult or hypertensive patient at moderate risk for cardiovascular disease. Intima-media thickness values of more than 0.9 mm (ESC) or over the 75th percentile (ASE) should be considered abnormal.
What is a normal intima-media thickness for a carotid artery?
An article from the e-journal of the ESC Council for Cardiology Practice. Intima-media thickness values of more than 0.9 mm (ESC) or over the 75th percentile (ASE) should be considered abnormal. Carotid artery ultrasound scan is the method of choice and results are reliable provided certain standards are followed.
Is intima-media thickness a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis?
Intima-media thickness is an important atherosclerotic risk marker. However, this increase is not synonymous with subclinical atherosclerosis, but is related to it.
What is the optimal focus depth for the IMT?
Focus depth (30-40 mm), frame rate (>15-25 Hz) and gain settings adjusted optimally to facilitate edge detection; Use of a zoom function is discouraged (most of the studies relating IMT to cardiovascular events have not used zoomed images).