How can you tell the difference between an epidural and a subdural hematoma?
An epidural hematoma lies outside (on top) of the dura mater (epi is Greek for upon), while a subdural hematoma lies inside (beneath) the dura mater (sub is Greek for below) and outside the arachnoid mater.
What are the symptoms of epidural hematoma?
The most important symptoms of an EDH are:
- Confusion.
- Dizziness.
- Drowsiness or altered level of alertness.
- Enlarged pupil in one eye.
- Headache (severe)
- Head injury or trauma followed by loss of consciousness, a period of alertness, then rapid deterioration back to unconsciousness.
- Nausea or vomiting.
What does an epidural hematoma look like on CT?
In almost all cases, extradural hematomas are seen on CT scans of the brain. They are typically bi-convex (or lentiform) in shape, and most frequently beneath the squamous part of the temporal bone. EDHs are hyperdense, somewhat heterogeneous, and sharply demarcated.
What is the difference between extradural and subdural hematoma?
Extradural haematoma (EDH) is a blood clot that forms on the outside of the natural covering of the brain (‘dura mater’), while acute subdural haematoma (ASDH) refers to a blood clot on the inner surface of the dura that appears within the first few days of head injury.
Why is EDH a Biconvex?
The majority of EDHs are identifiable on a CT scan. The classic presentation is a biconvex or lens-shaped mass on brain CT scan, due to the limited ability of blood to expand within the fixed attachment of the dura to the cranial sutures. EDHs does not cross suture lines.
Is epidural hematoma life threatening?
An epidural hematoma (EDH) usually develops under a fractured area of your skull. This is a very serious, potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical care. Your outcome is most promising if you are diagnosed quickly and treated.
What is a common cause of epidural hematoma?
An epidural hematoma (EDH) occurs when blood accumulates between the skull and the dura mater, the thick membrane covering the brain. They typically occur when a skull fracture tears an underlying blood vessel. EDHs are about half as common as a subdural hematomas and usually occur in young adults.
Can MRI detect epidural hematoma?
CT scanning is the examination of choice in the evaluation of suspected intracranial epidural hematoma. However, because of volume averaging with adjacent bone, small epidural hematomas can be difficult to detect with CT scanning. MRI should be performed when spinal EDH is considered possible.
How long does an epidural hematoma last?
In adults, most recovery occurs in the first 6 months. Usually there is some improvement over 2 years. If there is brain damage, full recovery isn’t likely.
How do you fix a epidural hematoma?
In most cases, your doctor will recommend surgery to remove an epidural hematoma. It usually involves a craniotomy. In this procedure, your surgeon will open up part of your skull so they can remove the hematoma and reduce the pressure on your brain. In other cases, your doctor may recommend aspiration.