What is oil-based mud made of?
Oil-based mud is a drilling fluid used in drilling engineering. It is composed of oil as the continuous phase and water as the dispersed phase in conjunction with emulsifiers, wetting agents and gellants. The oil base can be diesel, kerosene, fuel oil, selected crude oil or mineral oil.
What are the components of mud?
Mud is soil, loam, silt or clay mixed with water. It usually forms after rainfall or near water sources. Ancient mud deposits harden over geological time to form sedimentary rock such as shale or mudstone (generally called lutites).
How do you make oil-based mud?
Mixing Oil Base Muds Procedures
- Add the required quantity of base oil to the mixing mud tank.
- Add the primary emulsifier and secondary emulsifier as required.
- Add filtration control additives if required.
- Add lime as required.
- Add required amount of water to the above mixture.
- Add organophilic viscosifier as required.
What is the major component of the water base mud?
The Components of Drilling Fluids/Mud Water-based drilling mud most commonly consists of Bentonite clay (gel) with additives such as Barium sulfate (Barite), Calcium carbonate (chalk) or Hematite. Various thickeners are used to influence the viscosity of the fluid, e.g. xanthan gum, guar gum, glycol, or starch.
What is the percentage of water in oil-based mud?
OWR is calculated directly from the retort analysis of an oil mud. For example, if a mud contains 60 vol% oil and 18 vol% water, the oil percentage is [60/(60 + 18)]100 = 77% and the water percent is [18/(60 +18)] = 23%.
What is different water-based mud and oil based mud?
Oil-Based muds can be formulated to withstand high temperatures over long periods of time, however, Water-Based mud can break down and lead to loss of viscosity and fluid loss control.
What is a polymer based mud?
Polymer drilling mud has been developed as a new drilling fluid system since the early 1970s[1]. Generally. speaking, any mud system using linear water-soluble polymer as treatment agent can be called polymer mud system.
What is the difference between oil-based mud and water-based mud?
Is oil-based mud a hazardous material?
Oil-Based Mud (OBM) cutting is a hazardous by-product generated during oil-well drilling. Its chemical composition suggests that it might be suitable as a raw material in cement manufacturing.
How a mud is prepared?
Drilling muds are traditionally based on water, either fresh water, seawater, naturally occurring brines, or prepared brines. Many muds are oil-based, using direct products of petroleum refining such as diesel oil or mineral oil as the fluid matrix.
What are mud additives?
1. n. [Drilling Fluids] A material added to a drilling fluid to perform one or more specific functions, such as a weighting agent, viscosifier or lubricant.