What type of mother and infant is a risk for severe hyperbilirubinemia?
Clinically, and almost exclusively ABO incompatibility occur in ‘A’ and ‘B’ blood group babies of O ‘+ve’ mothers. These babies are reported to be at high risk of severe hyperbilirubinemia (serum bilirubin level more than 16 mg/dl).
What happens when bilirubin crosses the blood brain barrier?
Kernicterus occurs when bilirubin levels in the blood become so high that it crosses the blood-brain barrier and damages the brain tissue. The condition is almost always related to severe jaundice.
When does kernicterus occur?
In most cases, the syndrome characteristic of kernicterus develops by three to four years of age.
What should a 4 day old bilirubin be?
Physiological jaundice in healthy term babies usually sees bilirubin levels of about 5-6mg/dL on day 4 after birth; they drop over the next week until they reach normal levels. Newborns with multiple risk factors might also develop an exaggerated form of physiological jaundice, with bilirubin levels as high as 17mg/dL.
What 3 factors during pregnancy and labor put the baby at higher risk for hyperbilirubinemia?
Our findings revealed that maternal age, weight, BMI, WBC, Hb, PLT, birth in the first pregnancy, numbers of pregnancies and prolonged delivery were significantly associated with bilirubin levels.
At what level does bilirubin cause brain damage?
Kernicterus, or bilirubin encephalopathy, is bilirubin-induced neurological damage, which is most commonly seen in infants. It occurs when the unconjugated bilirubin (indirect bilirubin) levels cross 25 mg/dL in the blood from any event leading to decreased elimination and increased production of bilirubin.
What drug causes kernicterus?
Kernicterus and sulfonamides Certain drugs — particularly antibiotics — have also been linked to kernicterus. Sulfonamides (also called sulfa drugs) are a group of antibiotics that kill bacteria. One common antibiotic combines the sulfonamide sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim (SMX-TMP) to treat bacterial infections.
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