What are emerging and re emerging infections?
Abstract. PIP: Emerging infectious diseases are diseases of infectious origin whose incidence in humans has increased within the past decades or threatens to increase in the near future. The reappearance of a previously known infection after a period of disappearance or decline in incidence is known as re-emergence.
What is the most common infectious disease in Malaysia?
Nationally, dengue fever is by far the most prevalent infectious disease in Malaysia. As the Sun Daily reports, there are 328.3 dengue cases per 100,000 population. This is followed by hand, foot, and mouth disease (152.25), leptospirosis (17.12), hepatitis B (12.60), and HIV (11.00).
What are some key factors involved in the emergence of new infectious diseases or the re-emergence of old infectious diseases?
The general forces contributing to the emergence of EIDs fall into three categories: (1) viral factors, (2) human factors, and (3) ecological factors. In fact, human factors are the key factors driving disease emergence and influencing disease patterns.
What constitutes an emerging infectious disease?
Emerging infectious diseases can be defined as infectious diseases that have newly appeared in a population or have existed but are rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range, or that are caused by one of the NIAID Category A, B, or C priority pathogens.
How many emerging infectious diseases are there?
Over the past 30 years, at least 30 new infectious diseases have emerged to threaten the health of millions of people across the globe. The major challenge to combat these infections is that for many of them, there is no specific treatment or cure or vaccine. There is limited scope of preventing or controlling them.
When is dengue season in Malaysia?
Dengue occurs nationally in Malaysia, with increased risk in urban and periurban areas. Peak transmission occurs in the late monsoon season (October through February in east peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, and Sarawak; July through August in west peninsular Malaysia).
What is the common symptoms of emerging and re emerging diseases?
Early disease symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, and fever; later symptoms include intense muscle pain because the larvae grow and mature in those tissues. Fatal cases often show congestive heart failure and respiratory paralysis.
Where do emerging infectious diseases come from?
Several factors contribute to the emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases, but most can be linked with the increasing number of people living and moving on earth: rapid and intense international travel; overcrowding in cities with poor sanitation; changes in handling and processing of large quantities of food …